ÿþ<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name=Title content=Ay2-Fall2011> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=unicode"> <title>Ay2-Fall2011</title> <style> <!-- a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color:#3333FF; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; } a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color:#6666CC; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; } p { font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Times; } p.blac, li.blac, div.blac { font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Helvetica; } p.black, li.black, div.black { font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Times; color:#953B3B; } span.black1 { color:#953B3B } .MsoChpDefault { font-size:10.0pt; } --> </style> </head> <body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link="#3333FF" vlink="#6666CC" alink="#000099"> <div class=WordSection1> <p align=center style=' text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Astronomy 2: Overview of the Universe<br> <br> Fall 2011</span></b></p> <p><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Instructor:</span></b><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Prof. Rebecca Bernstein</span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Office:&nbsp; ISB 281</span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Email:&nbsp; rab .at. ucolick.org</span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Office Hours: &nbsp;Thursdays 10-11:30 </span><br> <br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Lecture times:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;TTh&nbsp;8:00  9:45 am&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; </span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Lecture room:&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;Baskin Aud. 101</span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Discussion sections: &nbsp; </span><u><span style='color:blue'><a href="#Class_times"><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:blue'>see below</span></a></span></u><u><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:blue'>.</span></u><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'><br> <br> </span><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Important information:</span></b></p> <ul type=disc> <li style='color:blue;'><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Nov 2:  </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:black'>The syllabus has been edited to more clearly indicate the chapters being discussed on Tues and Thurs this week and next.</span></li> </ul> <ul type=disc> <li style='color:black;'><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Oct 24: MIDTERM 1 RESULTS: </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Histogram of results is <a href="./Exams/midterm1_hist_grades.pdf">here</a>.</span> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Scores by student ID are <a href="./Exams/midterm1_scores_forweb.pdf">here</a>.</span> <span style='font-family:Helvetica'>It's a good idea to go over the <a href="./Exams/midterm1_A_Qs.pdf">questions</a> and <a href="./Exams/midterm1_A_As.pdf">answers</a> to review before the next midterm.</span></li> </ul> <ul type=disc> <li><span class=msonormal0><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Oct 15:</span><span style='color:black'> </span></span><span class=msonormal0><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Field Trip. </span></span><span class=msonormal0><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> The Field Trip to <a href="http://mthamilton.ucolick.org/">Mt. Hamilton</a> is scheduled for October 28.  This is your chance to visit an active scientific observatory and get a private tour! If you want to go, you must sign up in!  See this  <a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~rab/Ay2-Fall11/fieldtrip.html">page</a> for details about the trip and how to sign up. </span></span></li> </ul> <ul type=disc> <li style='color:black;'><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Oct 15: Midterm 1 reminders</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>:</span></li> </ul> <blockquote><p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; "Courier New"'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>The exam is October 20, Thursday, in lecture.   If you don t take the exam, you will not be able to pass the class. See </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="#Grading"><span style='color:windowtext'>Grading</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Review sessions:  Monday 8-9:30 pm, and Wednesday 6-7:30pm.  Both are in Classroom 1 (between Science Hill and the bookstore).</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>You will need to bring a red scantron (8.5x11 sized sheet) to the exam. Buy it at the bookstore.        </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>If you can t take the exam at that time due to a verifiable, academic schedule conflict, you must talk to me and arrange to take it early.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>No textbooks, notes, or electronics of any kind can be used during the exam (including calculators).</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>A page of formulae and constants will be handed out with the exam. A copy of that page is <a href="./study_guides/formulae_midterm1.pdf">here</a>.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>A list of the topics we have focused on in lecture can be found </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="./KeyTopics_1.html"><span style='color:windowtext'>here.</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:"Courier New"; color:black'>o<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>The concepts and kinds of calculations that you ve been doing for homework are good example of the <b>kind</b> of questions you will be asked.  But the quantitative calculations will be much less complicated and will focus on testing whether or not you understand the equations and the concepts behind them. </span></p> </blockquote> <ul type=disc> <li style='color:black;'><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Sept 27:  Delays in purchasing MA access:</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'> Some of you have told me that you can t purchase the MA access until next week for financial reasons. In order for you to see the first homework, I have printed out a pdf copy of it (linked <a href="./Homework/wk1_ch1_studentview.pdf">here</a>).   You can write out some of the answers, but you will have to transcribe your solutions into the MA web site when you gain access in order for you to get credit.  I have re-posted the first homework so that it can be turned for reduced credit (5% off per day).  This is a one time exception to the no-late-homework rule.</span></li> </ul> <ul type=disc> <li style='color:black;'><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>There</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'> </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:red'>are four things you need for this class</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>: </span></li> </ul> <blockquote> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:black'>1- The text book: <u>Cosmic Perspective, 6th edition,</u> Bennett et al.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>2- Access to the web site for the text book<u>:</u>   <u>www.masteringastronomy.com</u>. The course ID is&quot;AY2FALL2011BERNSTEIN1&quot;.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>3- An i-Clicker interactive remote.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>4- Your student ID number so that you can register on www.masteringastronomy.com (hereafter referred to as </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'> MA </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>) and register your i-Clicker. Your student ID number is seven digits long and has no leading letters.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>I believe that your cheapest option is to BUY the textbook FROM THE BOOKSTORE. The textbook at the bookstore is a special version printed for UCSC. It is cheaper than the full version and includes only the chapters that we will be using. It also includes: </span></p> </blockquote> <ul type=disc> <blockquote> <p><span>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>a</span> code for the www.masteringastronomy.com web site (worth $45) and access to the electronic version of the textbook that is on that web site (worth another $40). </p> <p><span style='color:black'>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>a</span> coupon for an i-Clicker interactive remote, which we will use in class (worth $10).</p> </blockquote> <li style='color:black;'><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>I-Clicker registration:</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>  Before October 3, you will need to register your i-clicker. To do this, go to the i-clicker registration web site (http://www.iclicker.com/registration) and follow the instructions. If your last name includes a space, please hyphenate your name when registering so that your last name is only one word. For example, Huan de Mateo (student ID = 1234567) would enter: &quot;de-Mateo, Huan, 1234567&quot;.</span></li> <li><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Tutoring</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>: In addition to the regular lecture, discussion sections, and TA office hours, there is additional tutoring available for the course through UCSC. In general, the university provides students with up to one-hour of tutoring per week per course, and you can sign up for tutoring at https://eop.sa.ucsc.edu/OTSS/tutorsignup/ beginning October 4th at 10:00am. </span></li> </ul> <ul type=disc> <li style='color:black;'><span class=black1><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:red'>Disabilities Accomodations:</span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'> <span class=black1><span style='color:black'>If you qualify for classroom accommodations because of a disability, please submit your Accommodation Authorization from the Disability Resource Center (DRC) to me</span></span> after class within the first two weeks of the term. You must also send me an email documenting what, if any, special accomodations you require during exams. Contact DRC at 459-2089 (voice), 459-4806 (TTY).</span></li> </ul> <p><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Teaching Assistants:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol;color:black'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Laurel Ruhlen, <a href="mailto:lruhlen@ucsc.edu">lruhlen@ucsc.edu</a>,             ISB 201, Office hours: Thursday 5-7 pm </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol;color:black'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Edmond Cheung, <a href="mailto:echeung1@ucsc.edu">echeung1@ucsc.edu</a>,                ISB 159, Office hours: Friday 2-4 pm</span></p> <p><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica; color:blue'>Course material for Astronomy-2:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="#Syllabus"><span style='color:windowtext'>Syllabus</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="#Content_and_grading"><span style='color:windowtext'>Course content</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="#Grading"><span style='color:windowtext'>Grading</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="#Class_times"><span style='color:windowtext'>Lecture and Discussion Section times</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Homework assignments will all be available through the <a href="http://www.masteringastronomy.com">www.masteringastronomy.com</a> web page.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Review of basic&nbsp;<a href="./MathReview/MathReview.html"><span style='color:windowtext'>Math Concepts.</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; color:#953B3B'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Lecture Notes will be linked <a href="./Lectures/Lectures.html"><span style='color: windowtext'>here.</span></a></span></p> <p><a name=Syllabus></a><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Syllabus</span></b><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica'> (will be updated throughout the term):</span></b></p> <table border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0 width=552 nosave=""> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#990000'>&nbsp;Week #, Dates&nbsp;</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#990000'>Reading&nbsp;</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#990000'>Topics</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 1<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>9/22</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 1,S1 (S1.2 particularly)</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>A short introduction to the course and course content </span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 2<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>9/27,9/29</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter S1, 2, 3.1, 3.2 </span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Motion of Earth/Sun</span><span class=blac1><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#953B3B'>.</span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> TheCelestial Sphere.</span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Motion and phases of the Moon</span><span class=blac1><span style='font-family:Helvetica; color:#953B3B'>.</span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> Eclipses.</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 3<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>10/4, 10/6</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 3.3, 4</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Planetary motion (Ptolemy to Kepler), </span>Newton's Laws<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Measuring mass, orbits, and tides</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 4<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>10/11, 10/13</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 5.1-5.4</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Conservation of energy, Light</span><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Atoms, spectra, thermal (&quot;blackbody&quot;) radiation</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 5<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>10/18, 10/20 </span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 5.5, 14</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>MIDTERM</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Doppler shifts, detecting light, spectra. Our Star</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>MIDTERM </span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 6<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>10/25, 10/27</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapters 15 &amp; 16</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Light, distance, and Stars</span><span class=black1><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>.</span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br> The HR diagram and stellar evolution </span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 7<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>11/1, 11/3</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapters 17  +  S4.3, S4.4</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 16 + 15.2</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Stellar evolution<br> Star formation.   Variable stars &amp; novae</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 8<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>11/8, 11/10</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 18, S2, S3</span></p> <p><br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'></span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Dead stars, Black Holes</span>, Special &amp; General Relativity </p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br> </span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 9<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>11/15, 11/17</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapters 19 &amp; 20 </span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>The Milky Way &amp; Interstellar medium<br> Galaxies, galaxy types, redshifts, &amp; black holes</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 10<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>11/22, (Thanksgiving) </span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 21, 22</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Quasars and Intergalactic Medium, Large Scale Structure<br> ------</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>week</span> 11<br> <span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>11/29, 12/1&nbsp;</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Chapter 22, 23</span></p></td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Cosmology and The Big Bang</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Final exam time:&nbsp;</span></b></p></td> <td></td> <td><p><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Monday, 5 Dec, 4-7 pm&nbsp;</span></b></p></td> </tr> </table> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'><br> <br> </span><a name="Content_and_grading"></a><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Course Content</span></b><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'> </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Topics:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>This is a one-term introductory course on astronomy and astrophysics.&nbsp;&nbsp; We will cover the basic history, content, and fate of the universe.&nbsp; &nbsp;Some of the topics we will touch on include: the origin &amp; evolution of the Universe and the Big Bang model; galaxies &amp; their constituents, including stars, planets &amp; the interstellar medium (gas and dust); normal and active galaxies; the formation and evolution of galaxies; the life cycles &amp; deaths of stars, including supernovae, white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes; nucleosynthesis (the origin of chemical elements); and dark matter. &nbsp;Such studies require knowledge of &nbsp;simple mechanics and basic laws of radiation, quantum mechanics, and nuclear &amp; particle physics, which we shall develop as we go along. <br> <br> The class <a href="#Syllabus"><span style='color:windowtext'>syllabus</span></a>&nbsp; contains a detailed calendar listing weekly topics, homework deadlines, exam dates, and holidays. There may be some deviations from this syllabus&nbsp;depending on our rate of progress and any special topics that come up in current research.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Textbook &amp; Other Resources:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>The Cosmic Perspective, UCSC special version of the 6th Edition (Bennet, Donahue, Schneider, &amp; Voit), Pearson.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><br> There is a lot of information on active research in astronomy on the web. Here are a few links to get you started:</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/"><span style='color:windowtext'>&nbsp;A pictorial tour of the Solar System </span></a><br> <a href="http://www.seds.org/nineplanets/nineplanets/nineplanets.html"><span style='color:windowtext'>&nbsp;The Nine Planets</span></a><br> <a href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html"><span style='color:windowtext'>&nbsp;Astronomy Picture of the Day </span></a><br> <a href="http://www.seds.org/hst/"><span style='color:windowtext'>&nbsp;The Best of Hubble Space Telescope Pictures</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.sdss.org/"><span style='color:windowtext'>&nbsp;Sloan Digital Sky Survey</span></a><br> <a href="http://www2.keck.hawaii.edu/"><span style='color:windowtext'>&nbsp;W. M. Keck Observatory --&nbsp;home to the world's largest optical telescopes</span></a></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Emphasis and Advice:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>We will emphasize scientific methods and the process of discovery, reasoning, and understanding.  The goal is not just memorizing facts about the Universe. &nbsp;Students are expected to develop a quantitative grasp of key astrophysical concepts. &nbsp; </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>The course material is self-contained. No previous college-level math, physics, or astronomy is required. It will be assumed, however, that the student has mastered elementary arithmetic, algebra, and powers, and has &nbsp;some familiarity with scientific concepts and reasoning. A background in math or physics will help, but is not necessary to succeed in the class. &nbsp;Some of the best students in our previous ASTR-2 classes&nbsp; have been non-science majors who took a strong interest in the course material. <br> <br> It is advisable to purchase a small inexpensive calculator, if you don t already own one. Be sure to get one that does powers and roots. Questions and classroom discussion are encouraged, both for your benefit and to help me properly pace the course. Please browse astronomy web sites (we ll provide some links on the class web site) and share your findings, comments, questions, etc in class. <br> <br> To get the most out of class (and a good grade), it is critical that you attend lectures. In order to get the most out of lectures, it is also a really good idea to read the chapter before hand so that you are familiar with the material. &nbsp;It is also extremely important to attend discussion sections. Students who do not attend both discussion sections and lecture are at a huge disadvantage for exams, homework, and the overall grade. </span></p> <p><a name=Grading></a><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Course Grading</span></b><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'> </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>18%  Homework <br> 7%    Discussion section<br> 15% &nbsp;In-lecture (i-Clicker questions and quizzes).<br> 25% &nbsp;Midterm 1<br> 35% &nbsp;Final Exam (Monday, December 5, &nbsp;4-7 pm !) </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Homework:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>There will be homework assignments every week&nbsp;to help you digest the material. All homework will be assigned via the textbook web site: <span class=red>www.masteringastronomy.com</span>. You can register on that web site using the code that is in your textbook if you purchase a new book from the UCSC bookstore. <em><span style='font-family: Helvetica'>If you arrange to get a used book, you will need to purchase access to the web site also. </span></em></span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>To register, you will need your student ID, and you will also need the course ID, which has been emailed to all of you. You should expect to spend 2-3 hours per week reading the material in addition to the time required for &nbsp;the homework. You will find that the web site contains a lot of additional resources to help you understand the information. Explore it!</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Your grade on the homework assignments will be clear as you complete the homework. Each assignment will be worth a certain number of points. Your final homework grade will simply be the fraction of the points you have earned during the term relative to the total number possible. <br> <br> <a name="homework_policy"></a>Homework assignments will appear each week on the course web page at www.masteringastronomy.com. Each homework assignment will be available until its posted due date. Once that date/time is passed, the assignment will be &quot;closed&quot; and there will be no way to get the points for that homework. No exceptions can be made. You will be able to review any homework assignment at any time during the term.<br> &nbsp;</span></p> <p><a name=Clickers></a><span style='font-family:Symbol;'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>iClickers:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>We will be using the iClicker remotes (electronic, hand-held response pads) in most lectures to help you assess if you have understood the material and get feedback from the class. In most classes, you will get points for simply answering the questions, right or wrong. In some classes, the clickers will be used for a short quiz. If you skip lectures, or forget your clicker, you will not get the points from the questions or quiz that day. Come to lecture and bring your clicker!</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Your iClicker score will be the fraction of the total number of points you have accumulated during the term compared to the total number of points possible. However, I will reduce the total number of points possible by 10% before I calculate your grades. In other words, you can miss about 2 lectures and still get up to 100% of the credit from questions and quizzes.<br> <br> It will be important to register your iClickers in order for me to associate it with you! &nbsp; You can register any iClicker (new or used) for this class on the iClicker web site. &nbsp;Information about how to register your iClicker can be found <a href="http://www.ucolick.org/%7Erab/Ay2-2009/iclicker_registration.html"><span style='color:windowtext'>here</span></a>.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Symbol; '><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Midterms and Final:</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>There will be two midterms and a final.&nbsp; &nbsp;You must take all exams&nbsp;in order to pass the course.&nbsp;&nbsp; Each midterm will cover all material up to that point in the course, but the second midterm will emphasize the material covered after the first midterm.&nbsp; &nbsp;The final will cover material from the whole term.</span></p> <p><a name="Field_Trip"><span style='font-family:Symbol;'><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Field Trip to Mount Hamilton:  FRIDAY, OCTOBER 28 </span></b></a><b><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>!</span></b></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>There will be a field trip to <a href="http://mthamilton.ucolick.org"><span style='color:windowtext'>Lick Observatory's Mount Hamilton.</span></a> This is a great chance to see an active, research observatory in person! Trip details are posted <a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~rab/Ay2-Fall11/fieldtrip.html"><span style='color:windowtext'>here</span></a>. </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;<br> </span><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'>Discussion Sections:</span></b><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:blue'> </span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Discussion sections are mandatory. Attendance will be taken. More importantly, this is your primary opportunity to ask questions outside of lecture and get help working out particular problems. Be sure to take advantage of this!&nbsp;</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Monday and Tuesday Sections (01-A,B,C) meet in Physical Sciences 110.</span></p> <p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Wednesday Section (01-D) meets in Physical Sciences 114.</span></p> <table border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0 width="100%" nosave=""> <tr> <td width="21%"><p><a name="Class_times"><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Monday</span></a></p></td> <td width="21%"><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Tuesday</span></p></td> <td width="21%"><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Wednesday</span></p></td> <td width="21%"><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Thursday</span></p></td> <td width="16%"><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>Friday</span></p></td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#953B3B'>8:00-9:45 am &nbsp; </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Lecture</span></p></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><p><span class=black1><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>8:00-9:45 am &nbsp; </span></span><span class=black1><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:red'>Lecture</span></span></p></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#953B3B'>3:30-4:40 pm </span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>01-A (Laurel)</span></p></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><p><span class=black1><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>11:00-12:10 am </span></span><span class=black1><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:windowtext'>01-D (Laurel</span></span><span style='font-family:Helvetica'>)</span></p></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#953B3B'>6:00-7:10 pm</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> 01-B (Edmond)</span></p></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td><p><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:#953B3B'>7:30-8:40 pm</span><span style='font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> 01-C (Laurel)</span></p></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>