Overview of the Universe

Astronomy 2, Winter 2017

Course Information

Instructor: Prof. Connie Rockosi

Office: ISB 261
email: crockosi .at. ucsc.edu
Office Hours: Thursdays 1:30 - 3:00 pm or any time by appointment (the appointment is to make sure I'm in my office to meet you and not in the lab)


Teaching Assistants:

Marie Lau

Office: Interdisciplinary Sciences Building (ISB) 159
email: wlau10@ucsc.edu
Office Hours: Fridays, 4-5 pm

Plato Karpov

email: plkarpov@ucsc.edu
Office Hours: Thursdays 3-4 pm ISB 165


Class Times

Lecture Times: TTh 5:20 - 6:55 pm
Lecture Room: Oakes Academic Building Room 105
Discussion Sections: Required! 01A Monday 1:20 - 2:25 pm Natural Sciences Annex 101 TA: Marie Lau
01B Wedneday 8:00 - 9:05 am Natural Sciences Annex 101 TA: Marie Lau
01C Wednesday 9:20 - 10:25 am Natural Sciences Annex 101 TA: Platon Karpov
01D Friday 2:40 - 3:45 pm Natural Sciences Annex 101 TA: Platon Karpov

Preparing for AY2

There are four things you need for this class:

  1. The textbook: Explorations, An Introduction to Astronomy. Eighth Edition, Arny and Schneider. There is a special, shorter (and less expensive) version of the 8th edition for UC Santa Cruz ordered through the bookstore. You can also purchase an electronic-only copy, see #3 below.
  2. Access to McGraw-Hill Connect, the web site for the textbook (hereafter: "Connect"). This is where your reading and homework will be assigned and completed: http://connect.mheducation.com/class/w17. You can also purchase access to Connect and the electronic-only version of the textbook only on-line. Go to the same link: http://connect.mheducation.com/class/w17
  3. Either an iClicker interactive remote or the smartphone polling app from REEF Education. A used iClicker is fine, but be aware that the company that makes iClickers now also charges a fee to register a used iClicker. So make sure you account for that when deciding whether to buy a new or used iClicker or the REEF app. You will have to pay for the REEF app after the trial period.
  4. You wil also want to have a small, inexpensive calculator. Be sure it can do powers and roots, and it must not be able to access information on the internet. That means smartphone and tablet calculator applications are not allowed.

Note you can register for Connect with "courtesy access" at the same web link given above free for two weeks and only two weeks. I don't control the Courtesy Access period, the publisher does. I can't extend it. And this Courtesy Access is good thing, as it lets you keep up with the work if you are shopping the course or haven't sorted out whether you want to purchase the textbook bundle from the publisher or buy the electronic-only access. Your work is saved during the courtesy access period and you can carry it over in your account when you purchase Connect for the rest of the quarter. You must purchase Connect access before your Courtesy Access period expires to receive credit for your homework and reading assignments.

The order for this class at the bookstore is a bundle that contains the special UCSC version of the textbook plus an access code for Connect for about $120. The ISBN for the bundle is 978-1-30-874997-6. There is also an option to buy just Connect access and the electronic-only copy of the book at http://connect.mheducation.com/class/w17

SmartBook Reading assignments in Connect: One of the things you'll use the electronic version of the book for is the reading assignments. You can read the paper book or the ebook, but to get credit you have to do the on-line questions in the electronic book. There is a button in the SmartBook assignments labeled "Practice" and you click that to get the questions. There is a progress bar across the bottom that lets you know how you are doing.


Polling App or iClicker Registration

You will need to register your iClicker or your polling app. Please have a clicker or the app (and an account with REEF and a subscription) by Thursday, January 19th.

Polling app: You can get the REEF polling app and create an account for it at the REEF website. You will have to pay for a subscription in order for your poll responses to be accessible by me and therefore count for your grade. The app itself is free, but you must have a subscription so I can get your responses into my gradebook.

iCLickers: You must register your iClicker with your name and student ID. Registeration for new iClickers is free at www1.iclicker.com/register-clicker You can also register an iClicker to your Profile if you have an account at REEF education. There is a fee to register used iClickers.

Expectations

In-Class Questions using Remotes

We will be using the iClicker remotes (electronic, hand-held response pads) or the polling app from REEF Education. This is to help you assess if you have understood the material and get feedback from the class. In most classes, you will get points for simply answering the questions, right or wrong. In some classes, the clickers will be used for a short quiz. If you skip lectures, or forget your clicker, you will not get the points from the questions or quiz that day. Come to lecture and bring your clicker or get the remote app for your phone!

Your in-class question score will be the fraction of the total number of points you have accumulated during the term compared to the total number of points possible. However, I will reduce the total number of points possible by 10% before I calculate your grades. In other words, you can miss about 2 lectures and still get up to 100% of the credit from questions and quizzes.

It will be important to register your remote in order for me to associate it with you!

Discussion Sections

Discussion sections are mandatory. Attendance will be taken. More importantly, this is your primary opportunity to ask questions outside of lecture and get help working out particular problems. Be sure to take advantage of this!

Homework:

There will be homework assignments every week, including guided reading assignments through Connect, to help you learn the material. Each week's homework will be on material covered in lecture on Tuesday and Thursday of the previous week.

All homework will be assigned via the textbook web site: http://connect.mheducation.com/class/w17 You can register on that web site using the access code that came with your textbook if you purchase a new book from the UCSC bookstore. If you arrange to get a used book, you will need to purchase access to the web site. If you just want Connect access and the electronic version of the book you can purchase it at the Connect web site given above..

You should expect to spend 2-3 hours per week reading the material in addition to the time required for the homework. You will find that the Connect web site contains a lot of additional resources to help you understand the information. Explore it!

Your grade on the homework assignments will be clear as you complete the homework. Each assignment will be worth a certain number of points. Your final homework grade will simply be the fraction of the points you have earned during the term relative to the total number possible.

Homework assignments will appear on Wednesday of each week on the course web page at http://connect.mheducation.com/class/w17. Homeworks will be due on the following Thursday at noon. Each homework assignment will be available until its posted due date. Once that date/time is passed, the assignment will be "closed" and there will be no way to get the points for that homework. No exceptions can be made. You will be able to review any homework assignment at any time during the term.

Midterm and Final Exams

There will be one midterm, in class on Tuesday, February 14th. It will cover all material through the lecture on Tuesday, 2/7 and the homework due Thursday, 2/9.

The final exam is scheduled for Wednesday, March 22nd, 7:30 pm - 10:30 pm. It will cover material from the whole quarter. You must take all exams in order to pass the course. The midterm will cover all material up to that point in the course. The final will cover material from the whole quarter.



Course Grading

25% Homework Problems and Reading Assignments
10% Discussion section attendance
15% In-lecture (polling questions and quizzes, attendance).
25% Midterm
25% Final Exam (Thursday, June 9th, 8:00 - 11:00 am)

Tutoring

In addition to the regular lecture, discussion sections, and TA office hours, there is additional tutoring available for the course through UCSC. In general, the university provides students with up to one-hour of tutoring per week per course. You can check out the resources at the UCSC Learning Center. You can register here to sing up for tutoring. If you are registered, you can sign up for tutoring for a specific class here

Disability Accommodation

If you qualify for classroom accommodations because of a disability, please submit your Accommodation Authorization from the Disability Resource Center (DRC) to me after class or at my office hours within the first two weeks of the quarter. You must also send me an email documenting what, if any, special accommodations you require during exams. Contact DRC at 459-2089 (voice), or drc@ucsc.edu. The DRC web site also has a link for TTY service.

Course Overview

This is a one-quarter introductory course on astronomy and astrophysics. We will cover topics in basic history, content, and fate of the universe. Some of the topics we will touch on include: the origin and evolution of the Universe and the Big Bang model; galaxies and their constituents, including stars, planets and the interstellar medium (gas and dust); the life cycles and deaths of stars, including supernovae, white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes; nucleosynthesis (the origin of chemical elements); and dark matter. Understanding these things requires knowledge of simple mechanics and basic laws of radiation, quantum mechanics, and nuclear particle physics, which we shall develop as we go along.

We will emphasize scientific methods and the process of discovery, reasoning, and understanding.  The goal is not memorizing facts about the Universe. Students are expected to develop a quantitative grasp of key astrophysical concepts.

The course material is self-contained. No previous college-level math, physics, or astronomy is required. However, it is assumed that students have mastered elementary arithmetic, algebra, and powers, and has some familiarity with scientific concepts and reasoning. A background in math or physics will help, but is not necessary to succeed in the class. Some of the best students in our previous AY2 classes have been non-science majors who took a strong interest in the course material.

To get the most out of class (and a good grade), it is critical that you attend lectures. In order to get the most out of lectures, it is also a really good idea to read the chapter before hand so that you are familiar with the material. It is also extremely important to attend discussion sections. Students who do not attend both discussion sections and lecture are at a huge disadvantage for exams, homework, and the overall grade.

The class syllabus contains a detailed calendar listing weekly topics, homework deadlines, exam dates, and holidays. There may be some deviations from this syllabus, depending on our rate of progress and any special topics that come up in current research.

Syllabus

Week Reading Topics
Week 1, 1/10 & 1/12 Preview, Chapter 1 Section 1.1

Chapter 1 Section 1.2, 1.3, 1.4
A short introduction to the course, Motion of the earth on its axis

Motion of the earth around the sun, motion and phases of the moon, eclipses, the seasons
Week 2, 1/17 & 1/19 Chapter 2 Sections 2.1 (Size of the Earth), 2.2 (for background), 2.3

Chapter 3
Angular diameter distance, the sun at the center of the solar system, Kepler's laws

Intertia, momentum, force, Newton's laws of motion, Gravity, orbits
Week 3, 1/24 & 1/26 Chapter 3

Chapter 4 Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4
Energy, Conservation of Energy and Momentum, Orbits, Tides

Light as energy, Thermal Blackbody, Atoms, Interaction of Light and Matter
Week 4, 1/31 & 2/2 Chatper 4 Section 4.5, 4.6

Chapter 12
Doppler shifts, detecting light, spectra in astronomy

How the Sun works, the Sun as a star
Week 5, 2/7 & 2/9 Essay 2, Special Relativity

TBD
Special Relativity

TBD
Week 6, 2/14 & 2/16 MIDTERM

Chapter 13 Section 13.1, 13.2, 13.3
On all material through 4/14

Measuring masses, distances and luminosities of stars
Week 7, 2/21 & 2/23 Chapter 13 Section 13.4, 13.5, 13.6

Chapter 14 Sections 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5, 14.6
Spectra of stars, Observed properties of stars in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram

Stellar evolution, how stars end their lives
Week 8, 2/28 & 3/1 Chapter 14.7, Chapter 15

Chapter 17 Section 17.1, 17.3, 17.4, 17.5
Supernovae, Black Holes, General Relativity

Galaxies
Week 9, 3/7 & 3/9 Chapter 17.2, Chapter 18 Section 18.1

Chapter 18 Sections 18.2, 18.3
Foundations of Modern Cosmology, the Expanding Universe

The Big Bang and the beginning of the universe
Week 10, 3/14 & 3/16 Chapter 17.6, Chapter 18 Sections 18.4, 18.5, 18.6

Dark Energy, Dark matter, fate of the universe

Overflow, fun

Lecture notes

Can be found here